High nature value farmlands can be considered as an indicator of land use intensity. Land cover changes have an impact on such farmlands if they occur on them. These impacts can be positive or negative. Agricultural extensification should in general have a positive effect on already rather extensively used farmland, but is clearly positiveon agricultural landscapes that are used more intensively (e.g. arable land or permanent crops).

The following land cover flows are grouped into agricultural extensification:

• Conversions arable land to grassland (rotation)

• Conversions arable land to permanent crops

• Extension agro-forestry systesms (e.g. dehesas, montanas)

• Farmland abandonment towards (semi-)natural land

These data are crossed with the HNV farmland 2006 layer to map areas where those two data sets overlap. The share of areas affected is then computed per NUTS 3 by means of zonal statistics.

More information on HNV farmland: http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/high-nature-value-farmland (+ include link to registration document of HNV farmlands)

High nature value farmlands can be considered as an indicator of land use intensity. Land cover changes have an impact on such farmlands if they occur on them. These impacts can be positive or negative. Agricultural intensification does in general have a negative effect on already rather intensively used farmland, but is clearly negative on agricultural landscapes that are currently under rather extensive or mixed agricultural use.

The following land cover flows are grouped into agricultural extensification:

• Conversions arable land to permanent and other irrigation perimeters

• Conversions permanent crops (vineyards, orchards, olive groves) to irrigated and non-irrigated arable land

• Conversions pasture to arable land and permanent crops

These data are crossed with the HNV farmland 2006 layer to map areas where those two data sets overlap. The share of areas affected is then computed per NUTS 3 by means of zonal statistics.

More information on HNV farmland: http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/high-nature-value-farmland (+ include link to registration document of HNV farmlands)

This map provides spatial information for "agricultural area" in 2018 with 1 ha spatial resolution across EEA.

The raster value is 1 when the agricultural area is identified and NoData for other land cover /land uses.

The methodological procedure to identify the agricultural area is based on pan-European Copernicus products as basic geographical skeleton (Corine Land Cover -CLC- data which is spatially refined with the Copernicus High Resolution Layers -HRL-), refined with Copernicus local component data and some manual corrections.

This layer aims to be a spatial reference of agricultural area masks to support the indicator developments for assessing the performance of the CAP.

The map describes different aspects of intensification of agroecosystems regarding the high current pressure on cropland by management practices in 2010. The map shows percentage of cropland highly pressured in relation to the total cropland area by NUTS3 area (NUTS2 for Germany) as state indicator.

The state of pressure were calculated by administrative unit. Briefly, the data derives from the condition/pressures assessments done for agroecosystems under ETC/SIA actions for MAES (*). This was used to localise the pressures on agroecosystems coming from management practices at the European level. The nitrogen application data was selected as proxy for measuring the intensification pressure on agro-ecosystem from the Farm Structure Survey (FSS). Those were disaggregated using the Land Use/Cover area Frame Statistical Survey (LUCAS) observation on crop types (Jacques and Gallego, 2005). Multinominal regression, including factors as topographic conditions, soil and climate conditions, population density and accessibility, was used to predict the intensity classes (Temme and Verburg, 2011).

The dataset developed identifies the percentage of cropland areas highly pressured (classes 4 and 5) in 2010 in relation to the total of cropland area by NUTS.

* https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/mapping-europes-ecosystems

* https://projects.eionet.europa.eu/eea-ecosystem-assessments/library/working-documents-and-maps-ecosystem-pressures/deliverables/final_reports_ecosystempressures/final_reports_ecosystempressures/3.finalreport_task18413_ecosystempressur

The map describes different aspects of intensification of agroecosystems related to the management practices. The dataset represents a pressure trend indicator as measurement of intensification of agroecosystems. Nutrient input is a specific indicator related to the intensification processes in the management of cropland ecosystems. The average change rate of nutrient input between 2005 and 2010 is used to show these tendencies in the NUTS regions regions (NUTS3 and NUTS2 for Germany). The data comes from the EEA draft nutrient accounts, developed by EEA and ETC-ULS, and is based on spatial reference data on crop and livestock distribution, yield and livestock statistics, and official conversion factors.

The map describes different aspects of intensification of agroecosystems regarding the high current pressure on grassland by management practices in 2010. The map shows percentage of grassland highly pressured in relation to the total grassland area by NUTS3 area (NUTS2 for Germany) as state indicator.

The state of pressure were calculated by administrative unit. Briefly, the data derives from the condition/pressures assessments done for agroecosystems under ETC/SIA actions for MAES (*). This was used to localise the pressures on agroecosystems coming from management practices at the European level. The nitrogen application data was selected as proxy for measuring the intensification pressure on agro-ecosystem from the Farm Structure Survey (FSS). Those were disaggregated using the Land Use/Cover area Frame Statistical Survey (LUCAS) observation on crop types (Jacques and Gallego, 2005). Multinominal regression, including factors as topographic conditions, soil and climate conditions, population density and accessibility, was used to predict the intensity classes (Temme and Verburg, 2011).

The dataset developed identifies the percentage of grassland areas highly pressured (classes 4 and 5) in 2010 in relation to the total of grassland area by NUTS.

* https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/mapping-europes-ecosystems

* https://projects.eionet.europa.eu/eea-ecosystem-assessments/library/working-documents-and-maps-ecosystem-pressures/deliverables/final_reports_ecosystempressures/final_reports_ecosystempressures/3.finalreport_task18413_ecosystempressure_agroecosystems

The total nitrogen input to agricultural soils for the year 2010 is represented in kgN/ha/yr at a 1km resolution.

Nitrogen input includes organic manure application, inorganic fertilizer input, atmospheric deposition and biological fixation. The data comes from the EEA nutrient accounts, developed by EEA and ETC-ULS, and is based on spatial reference data on crop and livestock distribution, yield and livestock statistics, and official conversion factors

The map shows the increase/decrease of nitrogen input (kg/ha/yr) to agricultural soils comparing the year 2000 with the trend value 2000-2005 at 1 km resolution. Increase takes place where the trend value is higher than the reference value in 2000. Decrease is mapped when the trend value is lower than the value in 2000.

Nitrogen input includes organic manure application, inorganic fertilizer input, atmospheric deposition and biological fixation. The data comes from the EEA nutrient accounts, developed by EEA and ETC-ULS, and is based on spatial reference data on crop and livestock distribution, yield and livestock statistics, and official conversion factors.

High nature value farmlands can be considered as an indicator of land use intensity. Land cover changes have an impact on such farmlands if they occur on them. These impacts can be positive or negative. Urban expansion does alwayshave a clear negativeeffect on almost all kinds of land covers and land uses as it interrupts most of the natural cycles that existed before the landscape being sealed (which is most often the case when urban expansion takes place).

The following land cover flows are grouped into agricultural extensification:

• Urban residential development

• Development of economic sites and infrastructures

These data are crossed with the HNV farmland 2006 layer to map areas where those two data sets overlap. The share of areas affected is then computed per NUTS 3 by means of zonal statistics.

More information on HNV farmland: http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/high-nature-value-farmland (+ include link to registration document of HNV farmlands)

The concept of HNV farmland ties together biodiversity to the continuation of farming on certain types of land and the maintenance of specific farming systems. The general goal of the data set is to enhance the European map of HNV farmland 2012 that shows the estimated distribution and presence likelihood of HNV farmland across the whole European territory. (Attribute field value: 1= HNV, 0 = not HNV)

The concept of HNV farmland ties together biodiversity to the continuation of farming on certain types of land and the maintenance of specific farming systems. The general goal of the data set is to enhance the European map of HNV farmland 2012 that shows the estimated distribution and presence likelihood of HNV farmland across the whole European territory. (Attribute field value: 0-100= percentage of HNVper km²)